Within this formula, Shu Di (cooked Radix Rehmanniae) is the sovereign medicinal which supplements the kidneys, enriches yin, and fosters essence. Its ministers are Shan Yao (Radix Dioscoreae), Shan Zhu Yu (Fructus Corni), and Gou Qi Zi (Fructus Lycii) which also supplement the kidneys and enrich yin. Shan Yao also supplements the spleen qi, while Shan Zhu Yu also supplements the liver and kidney yang. Du Zhong (Cortex Eucommiae), Rou Gui (Cortex Cinnamomi), and Zhi Fu Zi (Radix Lateralis Praeparata Aconiti) are the assistants which supplement the kidneys and invigorate and warm yang. Mixfried Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) regulates and harmonizes all the other medicinals in the formula as well as assists Shan Yao in supplementing the spleen. Therefore, the ingredients in this formula take into account the interdependence of former and latter heavens and also seek yang within the midst of yin. Unlike Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan, this formula does not include any draining medicinals. All its ingredients are supplementing and warming. This formula comes from Zhang Jie-bin (a.k.a. Zhang Jing-yue)s early Qing dynasty Jing Yue Quan Shu (The Collected Writings of Jing Yue) published in 1624 CE.